Brigadier-General Arthur Middleton Manigault
Brigadier-General Arthur Middleton Manigault was born at
Charleston in 1824. He was a great-grandson of Gabriel
Manigault, a native of Charleston, and a famous merchant who
was treasurer of the province in 1738; after the declaration
of independence advanced $220,000 from his private fortune for
war purposes, and in 1779, with his grandson Joseph, served as
a private soldier in the defense of Charleston.
General Manigault entered business life at Charleston in
youth. In 1846 he went to the Mexican war as first lieutenant
of a company of the Palmetto regiment, and served in the army
of General Scott from Vera Cruz to the City of Mexico.
Returning to Charleston he was in the commission business
until 1856, and then was engaged in rice planting until the
beginning of the Confederate war, when he raised a company of
volunteers.
He served as inspector-general on the staff of General
Beauregard during the period including the reduction of Fort
Sumter, after which he was elected colonel of the Tenth South
Carolina regiment. Under Gen. R. E. Lee he commanded the
First military district of South Carolina, with headquarters
at Georgetown.
After the battle of Shiloh he and his regiment were
transferred to the army in Mississippi under General Bragg,
forming part of the brigade composed of the Tenth and
Nineteenth South Carolina and three Alabama regiments,
commanded by General Withers until the latter was given
division command, afterward by Patton Anderson and later by
Colonel Manigault.
He was in brigade command from the summer of 1862, and
participated in the occupation of Corinth during the siege,
and the operations of the army in Tennessee and Kentucky. In
April, 1863, he was promoted to brigadier-general.
At the battle of Stone's River his brigade under his gallant
leadership was distinguished in the assaults upon the Federal
line, and at Chickamauga again was conspicuous in the attacks
upon the position held by George H. Thomas. In both these
battles the brigade suffered severely in the loss of officers
and men, but the remnant fought through the Atlanta campaign
of 1864 among the bravest of the heroes of that memorable
struggle, from Dalton to Ezra church.
He subsequently participated in the operations under General
Hood, until he fell severely wounded in the disastrous battle
of Franklin, Tenn.
After the conclusion of hostilities he engaged in rice
planting in South Carolina. In 1880 he was elected adjutant-
general of the State, was continued in this office, and was
about to be re-elected when he died from the effects of his
wound received at Franklin, August 16, 1886.
Source: Confederate Military History, vol. VI, p. 414
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